Today's Reflection (Surah Baqarah ,Ayah 30 )

 وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي جَاعِلٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ خَلِيفَةً ۖ قَالُوا أَتَجْعَلُ فِيهَا مَن يُفْسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاءَ وَنَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَ ۖ قَالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ 

And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority." They said, "Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we declare Your praise and sanctify You?" Allah said, "Indeed, I know that which you do not know."(Quran 2:30)

What is described here is not the creation of human beings, but the characteristics, responsibilities, powers and blessings given by Allah . One of these, and perhaps the most important, is the sending down of a vicergent. He is the caliph خَلِيفَةً that Allah will create on earth, or he is the caliph of Allah.

The angels are asking for the wisdom of Adam's creation as the caliph, by revealing what they know about the human race and its potential to do sin and corruption in the future, the knowledge and ability was given to Adam by Allah which the angels do not possess, It shows that Adam and human beings will be the caliph of Allah on the earth.

Mankind was created to be servants of Allah, and various blessings on earth were assigned to him so that he could fulfill this purpose. Man will know that the opportunities and blessings given to him, everything belongs to Allah, that they are entrusted to him based on a purpose and condition, that he is obliged to serve (caliphate) in accordance with the will and consent of his owner, and he will act with this consciousness. Unlike angels, human beings have been created with the nature and ability to fulfill this caliphate and will be able to accomplish this task if they do not spoil their nature. Allah has revealed this to human beings in the presence of angels and placed them in his consciousness. As indicated above, the caliphate here (general caliphate) is not only for Adam; Many verses (A‘râf 7/69; Yunus 10/14; An-Naml 27/62) clearly state that this ability and authority is in question for all people.

According to most of the Muslim scholars, angels are entities that can come in various forms and whose main place is the heavens - beyond matter - that reproduce not through reproduction but through continuous creation by Allah. They have supreme values ​​and closeness before Allah, great powers bestowed by Him, and they are programmed to act according to divine orders and will never go beyond it.

According to the explanations in the Quran, it is possible to classify angels in terms of their characteristics and duties in the following class: 

1. Those who bear the Arsh (Hakka 69/17). 

2. Those who besiege the Throne and glorify Allah (Az-Zumar 39/75). 

3. Great angels: 

a) Jibril. This angel, also known as Jibril and Ruh ul kudus, was assigned to see the prophets with revelation. In verse 20 of the Surah Taqwir, his main attributes are listed as follows: “A truly valuable, powerful and respected messenger in the presence of the Throne, a respected and reliable messenger there”. 

B) Mikail is an angel in charge of balancing natural events. His name is mentioned in the Quran together with Jibril and Allah's pleasure is declared to those who have them (Baqara 2/98). 

c) Israfil. The angel that will be be blow the trumpet when the Doomsday and the resurrection begin is mentioned in the Quran (Naml 27/87; Yasin 36/51). 

It is also stated in the hadiths that the angel who was assigned to blow this order was İsrafil (Luftullah  Cebeci, “israfil”, DİA, XXIII, 180-181). 

d) Azrail . It is mentioned in the Quran that Azrail carries out the duty of the angel of death (Sajdah 32/11) and the angels of death (an-Nisa 4/97; Anfal 8/50; Nahl 16/32).

Various comments have been made about how the angels knew this new being created, namely Adam, and how they knew that he would cause mischief and shed blood on the earth; what they learned from the Lawh-Al Mahfûz in which what will happen is written; that there may be similar beings that were created before and sent to the earth and that they were informed by looking at them compared to jinn or predators, etc. opinions have been put forward. We find the following two possibilities and interpretations closer to reason and insight and more apt to the narrative style of the incident: 

1. Upon the introduction of the human being that Allah Almighty created them, and then announcing that he will make him the caliph on earth, they expressed their opinion - based on this information. 

2.They observed the creation of Adam, saw and knew his material and spiritual characteristics, and drew from his nature that a being with these characteristics could do both good and bad deeds, and asked their questions based on this (Ibn Ashur, I, 402-403; Tabatabâî. , I, 116)